Apparatus for controlling railway switches



June 8, 1937. H. s. YOUNG ET AL Y 2,082,930

APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING RAILWAY SWITCHES THEIR ATTORNEY June 8, 1937. H. s. YOUNG' ET Al. 2,082,930

APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING RAILWAY SWITCHES Filed Dec. l0, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 nIfzdazdefmamy Qui INVENTORS Helzfy 5. Young and THEIR ATTORNEY June 8, 1937. H. s.-YoUNG ET AL f 2,082,930

APPARATUS .FOR CONTROLLING RAILWAY SWITCHES Filed Deo. 10, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 l lllcludey THEIR ATTORNEY June 8, 1937. H. s. YOUNG ET Al. 2,082,930-

APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING RAILWAY SWITCHES Filed Dec. 10, 1955 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 F2914. @lab/WM THEIR ATTORNEY- Patented June 8, 1937 PATENT OFFICE APPARATUS FOR CONTROLLING RAILWAY SWITCHES Henry S. Young, Wilkinsburg, and Herbert L. Bone, Pittsburgh, Pa., assignors to The Union Switch & Signal Company, Swissvale, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania Application December 10, 1935, Serial No. 53,774

18 Claims.

Our invention relates to apparatus for controlling railway switches, and particularly to apparatus for normally controlling a switch from a remote point, but for at times modifying such control in accordance withtraiiic conditions adjacent the switch.

Apparatus embodying our invention is particularly suitable for, although in no way limited to, the control of railway switches whichare arranged to be operated by means of the switch operating mechanism described and claimed in an application for Letters Patent of the United States, Serial No. 40,606, filed by Herbert L. Bone, onSeptember 14, 1935, for Railway switch l5 operating apparatus. i

We will describe a number of kforms of apparatus embodying our invention, and will then point out the novel features thereof in claims.

In the accompanying drawings, Fig. 1 is a di- 20 agrammatic view showing one form of apparatus embodying our invention. Figs. 2, 3, and 4 are Views showing modifications of portions'of the apparatus illustrated in Fig. 1. Figs. 5 to 8, inclusive, and 10 to 14, inclusive, are diagrammatic 25 views showing other forms of apparatus embodying our invention. Fig. 9 is a` view showing a modication of a portion of the apparatus illustrated in Fig. 8. f

Similar reference characters refer to'similar 30 parts in each of the several views.

Referring `first to Fig. l, the reference charn acters I and la' designate the ,track` rails of a stretch A of railway track, the one rail I of which is divided by means of insulated joints 2 to-orm 35 a track section B C. This track section is provided with a track circuit comprising a track relay D vconnected across the rails adjacent one end of the section, and a suitable source of track circuit current, here shown as a battery 3, connected l0 across the rails adjacent the other endo-f the section.

Located in section B C is a switch E which connects the stretch A with a stretch of track F. The switch E is operated by a suitable switch 45 mechanism M, which mechanism, as here shown, is of the electropneurnatic type having included therein suitable biasing means for biasing the switch to its nearest extreme position, whereby v A when the switch is moved to either extreme posi- 50 tion, it will be yieldingly hel-d in such extreme position even though the supply of uid to the operating motor of the `mechanism is then cut off. Themechanism M is provided with the usual normal magnet N and reverse magnet R, it being understood that the switch may be moved from its normal position to its reverse position by energizing the reverse magnet R, and from its reverse position `to its normal position by energizing the normal magnet N. One form of mechanism which will operate in the manner just described is shown and described in an application Afor Letters Patent of the United States, Serial No. 40,606, filed by Herbert L. Bone, on September 14, 1935, for Railway switch operating apparatus.

operatively connected with the switch E is a circuit controller G comprising three movable contact fingers li, 5 and 6 which cooperate respectively with fixed contact fingers 4a 4b, 5a 5b, and 6a 6b, to form contacts 4 42, 4 4", 5 5a, 5 5", 6 6, and G b. Contact 1 4a is closed when switch E occupies its normal position or any position between its normal position and its mid stroke position; contact d llb is closed when switch E occupies its reverse position, or any.

position between its reverse position and its mid stroke position; contact 5 5. is closed when switch E occupies any position but its full reverse position; contact 5 5b is closed only when switch E occupies its full reverse position; contact B Ge is closed only when switch E occupies its full normal position; and contact G Sb is closed when switch E occupies any position but its full normal position.

. The magnets of the switch mechanism M are controlle-dby the circuit controller G, by the track relay D and by a manually operable lever L.

The lever L will usually belocated at a point remote from the switch, and f as here shown is capable of assuming a normal position n and a reverse position r. operatively connected with the lever` L is a contact arm 1 which cooperates with two xed contacts 'ln and 'lr to close a normal Contact 'I In or a reverse contact 'I lf according as lever L occupies its 11, or its r position.

The apparatus also includes two indication lamps H1 and H2, three resistors J1, J2, and J3, and a battery K. The function of the lamps H1 and H2 'and resistors J1, J2, and J3 will become apparent as the description proceeds.

As shown in the drawings, all parts are in their normal positions. `That is to' say, lever L and switch E both occupy their normal positions, and section B C is unoccupied by a train. Under these conditions, magnets N andR are both deenergized and lamp I-I2 is also deenergized. Lamp H1, however, is lighted over a normal indication circuit which passes from battery K through wire `t, contact'l---ln of lever L, the filament of lamp `H1 connected in parallel with resistor J1, front control ofI theswitch inthe event thatV the lamp ContactV IIJ of relay D, contact 6-61 of circuit normal control circuit for .the -reverse magnetR, which circuit passes from battery K through.

wire ,9, contact '1 -'If of lever L, lamp H2 connected in parallel with resistor J2, front contact I3 offrelay Dcontact El--ar of' circuitv controller G,vwire 14, the winding of magnet R,.and- Wire I2 back to battery K. The reverse magnetY R therefore becomes energized and. causes the switch E'to move ,to its reverse position.V When the :switch reaches its .reverse position, contact 5-5aoi circuit..control1er G'becomesopened and contact 5-150 .becomes closed.V The opening of contact 5---5a interrupts theV circuit which was ,previously closed for reverse magnet R, where- -upon thismagnet becomes deenergized and cuts Yto offV the supplyof uid .pressure to the switch operating mechanism M. The closingof .con- 4tact .E5-5b of circuit controller GcOmpletes Va reverse indication circuit `including lamp H2,

over which Ythe reverse magnet R becomes ener- Ygized during movement of the switch to its re- .verse position under the conditions just described includes lamp H2 lconnected vin multipleV with relsistornJ2, the lamp .f1-I2 will not become lighted under these conditions tbecause the resistance of ythe reverse magnet .R is:toohigh;to permit enough current toflow in the lamp; The function of the resistorJ2-is to prevent the operator: from losing Itgshouldralso be pointedout .that if, when the es w'itch 'occupies its reyerseyposition, it .should .creepv away fromA this position for any reason due, Afor' example, to misadjustment ofthe Vbiasing vmeans of the mechanism M, contact 5:--5 Will become closed-and Vwill .reestablish the circuit previously-traced for the reverse magnet R, thus .causing the switch* to Vbe immediately restored to itsfreverse position. Y Y` t Whenthe-switch hasbeenmoved to its reverse -position'jin 'themanner. just described andit is l:desired :tio restore it to its normal-position, lever L is restored-to its normal position. Under these conditions, as fsoon as the .lever is moved away from its reverseposition, the reverseindication circuit-becomesinterruptedV at contactfi-'lI of 'leverL, thusircausing lamp Wto-become extinguished; andwhen the lever reaches its normal -fpositiong'fthe Iresultant closing of contact'fl--ln Y oflever -L completes a normal `control circuit for fthenorma-l magnet N :passing from-battery K through Wire-9;'contact 'I-Y'In vof lever L, the la- :ment of lamp -Hl' connected in v multiple withl resistor J1, front contact I0 of track relay D,

contact G-Iib of circuit controller G, the winding of normal magnet N, and wire I2 to battery K. The normal magnet N therefore becomes energized and causes the switch to move to its normal position. When the switch reaches its fullnormal position, vcontact G-Yb of circuit controller G opens and deenergizes magnet N, and contact G-Ga of circuit controller G closes and completes the previously described indication circuit for lamp H1. Lamp H1 then becomes lighted to indicate Vthat the switch occupies its full normal position.

y It should be pointed out that while the circuit over which `the wnormal magnet N becomes enerygizedduring the movement of the switch to its normal position under the conditions just described includes lamp H1 and resistor Jl connected in multiple, lamp H1 will not become lighted because the resistance of the normal magnet is too high to permit suicient current to flow in the lamp H1. It should-also be pointed out that the function of the resistor J1 is to prevent ythe operator from losing controlV of the switch in the event that the lamp H1 burns out.

It should further be pointed out that if, when the switch occupies its normal position, the switch should, creep away from this position for anyV reasonythe resultant closing of contact -S--Ib of circuit'controller G will reestablish the energizing circuit described above for the normal magnet, Yand will thus cause the switch to be immediately restored to its normal position.

.We will now assume that the switch occupies its normal position and that a train enters the track'section B--C. The presence of a train in this track section will deenergize track relay D, and this relay will therefore open its iront contacts Hland I3 and close .its back Contact I7.

The opening of front contacts I0 and I3 of relay, D'will interrupt all control circuits which were previously traced for the magnets N and R, thus preventing operation of the switch by means of the lever L as long as the train remains in the Ysection B-C. rl'he opening of the front coni tact I0 of relay D will also interrupt the normal indication circuit includinglamp H1, thus causing this lamp to become extinguished. The clos 'ing ofcontact Il will complete a circuit passing from battery K through resistor J3, back contact .I1 of track relay'D, contact 4-48 of circuit contro1ler,G, wire I8, contact l-Ia of circuit controller G, and wiresvII and I2 back to battery K. The; circuit just traced `-is inactive, and has no eect on the operation of the apparatu-s as a whole, it being noted that Varelatively small current will ow in this circuit due to the presence of the resistor J 3 in the circuit.Y

Iiwhile the train is within section B-C, .the

switch movesY away from its normal position far magnet N` and wire I2 back to battery K. ,energization of the normal magnet will, of course,

cause the mechanism to immediately restore the switch to its normal position.

-If a train enters the section B-C when the switch-occupies its reverse position, the operation of the apparatus will be similar, to that just de- .scribedrwhenthe switch occupied its normai poits sition with the exception that under these latter conditions the opening of front contact I3 of track relay D will interrupt the reverse indication circuit, thus causing lamp H2 to become extinguished, while the closing of back contact l'l of relay D will complete another inactive circuit passing from battery K through resistor J3, back Contact Il of track relay D, contact d-flb of circuit controller G, wire I5, contact -b of circuit controller G and wire l2 back to battery K. The closing of this latter circuit will have no efiect on the remainder of the apparatus.

If while the `train is within section B-C, the switch moves away from its reverse position far enough to close Contact 5---5a of circuit controller G, an auxiliary control circuit for the reverse magnet will become closed, thus causing the mechanism M to immediately restore the switch to its reverse position. This auxiliary control circuit for the reverse magnet R under these conditions passes from battery K through resistor J3, back contact l'l of track relay D, contact -b of circuit controller G, wire l5, contact 5-52 of circuit controller G, wire M, the winding of reverse magnet R, and wire l2 to battery K.

We will now assume that the switch occupies its normal position and that a train trails the switch. Under these conditions, as soon as the train passes the insulated joint 2 which is disposed adjacent the one switch point, track relay D will become deenergized and will complete the previously described inactive circuit including back contact l'l of relay D and resistor J3. This circuit will only remain closed for a brief interval, however, because as soon as the train starts to displace the switch points from their normal positions, contact Ei-ia of circuit controller G will open and will interrupt this circuit. Furthermore, the displacement of the switch points by the train will cause contact iai- 5b to close and complete the previously traced auxiliary control circuit for magnet N. Magnet N will therefore become energia-ed, and will cause the mechanism M to tend to return the switch to its normal position. The extreme forces which are exerted on the switch by the wheels ci a train, however, will cause the switch to move toward its reverse position in spite of the fact that magnet N is then energized, and as soon as the switch passes its mid stroke position, the resultant opening of contact li--fie of circuit controller G will deenergize magnet N. Furthermore, the resultant closing of contact i-flb of circuit controller G will complete the previously described auxiliary control circuit for the reverse magnet R including this contact and the back Contact ll' of track relay D, and this: magnet will therefore become energized and will assist the train in completing the movement of the switch points to their reverse positions. When the switch points reach their full reverse positions, contact 5 5a of circuit controller G. will open and contact 5-5b will become closed. The opening of contact 5 5a will interrupt the auxiliary control circuit for the reverse magnet R, while the closing of contact .ri-i3b will complete the inactive circuit including back contact il of relay D and resistor J3. When the train which has just trailed the switch departs from the track section Br-C, track relay D will pick up and will complete the normal control circuit for the normal magnet N. Normal magnet N will therefore become energized, and will cause lthe mechanism M to restore the switch to its normal position. When the switch reaches its normal position, the resultant opening of i contact E-ib of circuit controller G will deenergize magnet N. Furthermore, the resultant closing oi' contact -Sa of circuit controller C- will complete the normal indication circuit. Lamp H1 will therefore Abecome lighted to indicate that the switch is restored to its normal position. When this happens, all parts Will be restored to the positions in which they are shown in the drawings.

When the switch occupies its reverse position and a train trails the switch, the operation of the apparatus will be similar to that just described when the switch occupies its normal position and a train trails the switch. It is believed, therefore, that this latter operation will be apparent from an inspection of the drawings without further description.

It should be noted that resistor J 3 has approximately the same resistance as the resistance of either the resistor J1 or the resistor J2 so that whenthe auxiliary control circuits for the magnets N and R including the resistor Jg are completed, these magnets will be supplied with current of substantially the same magnitude as these magnets are supplied with if one of the lamps H1 or H2 burns out.

If desired, the two indication lamps H1 and H2 may be replaced by a single indication lamp H3 which is connected in series with the control and indication circuits shown in Fig. 1 in the manner illustrated in Fig. 2. The operation of the apparatus as a whole when provided with only one indication lamp is similar to that previously described with the exception that the indication lamp will become lighted whenever either the normal or reverse indication circuit which is the equivalent of that described in connection with Fig. l becomes completed, but not when any of the control circuits becomes completed. A resistor J4 is preferably connected in multiple with the filament of the lamp H3 for the same reasons that the resistors J1 and J2 are connected in multiple with the lamps H1 and I-l'.2 in Fig. l..

Referring now to Fig. 3, in the modication here illustrated a relay P is connected in series with the control and indication circuits previously describedv in connection with Fig. 1 in the same manner' that the lamp H3 is connected in series with these circuits in Fig. Z.` The resistance of relay P is such that this relay will close its front contact 2U when either the normal or reverse indication'circuits are closed, but that, this relay will not close its front contact when any of thecontrol circuits are closed. Relay P controls a lamp H3 over a circuit which is obvious from aninspection of the drawings. the apparatus as a whole when modied as shown in` Fig. 3 is similar to that previously described with the exception that relay P will close its front contact 20 whenever either the normal or reverse indication circuit corresponding to that described in connection with Fig. l becomes closed, and that when front contact 20 of relay P is closed, lamp H3 will become lighted to give an indication that the switch occupies one or the other of its extreme positions.

One advantage of the apparatus shown in Fig. 3 is that since the control circuits do not have the indication lamps connected in the circuits, these circuits will be unaifected by the burning out of the` indication lamp.

In the modification shown in Fig. 4 the apparatus is similar to that shown in Fig. 3 with the exception that lever L is provided with two additional contacts ZI-ZZIn and 2l-2Ir which contacts are arranged to be closed according as lever 'Ihe operation of L occupies its n or its r position, and which contacts control two indication lamps H4 and H5, jointlywith the relay P. The circuit for lamp ,H4 is closed when and only when lever L occupies its normal position and relay P is energized and includes front contact 20 of relay P, normal contact 2 l-2ln of lever L, and the filament of lamp The circuit for lamp H5 is closed when and only when lever L occupies its reverse position and'relay P is energized and passes from battery K through front contact 20 of relay P, reverse contact 2I--2IfV of lever L and the lanient of lamp H5 back to battery K'. 'Ihe operation of the apparatus as a whole when modified as shown in Fig. 4 will be understood from the foregoing and from an inspection of the drawings without further description.

Referring now to Fig. 5, the apparatus here shown is similar to that shown in Fig. l, but the control and indication circuitsV have beenr modified inthe manner whichwill now be described to decrease the number of line wires extending `from thelever to the operating mechanism.

As shown in Fig. 5, lever L and switch E both occupy their normalY positions and section B-C is unoccupied by a train. Under these conditions, the normal and reverse magnets are both decnergized and the indication lamp H2 is also deenergized. 'I'he indication lamp H1, however, is energized by virtue of a normal indication circuit which passes from battery K through front contact 22--22a of relay D, line wire 23, contact 'l-'ln of lever L, the filament of lamp H1 connected in multiple with resistor J1, line wire 24, contact 6 6@ of circuit controller G, and wires II and I2 back to battery K. Y l We will now assume that with the parts in the positions just described the operator, wishing to reverse switch E, moves lever L from its normal to its reverse position. Under these conditions, the resultant opening of contact 'I--lnl of from battery K through front contact 22-22a of relay D, line wire 23, contact l-'lf of lever L, the filament of lamprHZrconnected in multiple with resistorJ2, line wire 25, contact 5 52L of circuit controller'G, wire I4, the windingY of magnet R,

and wires I6 and I2 back to battery K. The re- Y verse magnet R will therefore become energized and will move the switch to its reverse position. When the switch reaches its reverseaposition, contact 't5- 5a of circuit controller G will become opened and will deenergize magnet R, and contact ,5-5@ of circuit Vcontroller G will become closed and will complete a reverse indication circuit. This reverse indication circuit may be traced from battery K through front contact StZ- 22a of relay D, line wire 23, contact I--lf of lever L, the larnent of lamp H2 connected in multipleV with resistorJ2, line wire 25, contact 5-5b of 'circuit controller G and wire I2 back to battery K., Lamp H2 will therefore become lighted to indicate that the switch and lever both occupy their reverse positions.

' tion. This movement of the lever will interrupt the'reverse'indication circuit including lamp H2 andwillY complete a normal control circuit for .the Vnormal Ymagnet This latter circuit may be traced from battery K through front contact 22--22a of relay D, line wire 23, contact 'I--'In of lever L, the lament of lamp H1 connected in multiple with resistor J1, line wire 24, contact @-b of circuit controller G, the winding of magnet N, and wire I2 back to battery K. The energization of the normal magnet N will, of course, cause the switchV to move to its normal position. When the switch reaches its normal position, contact E-Iib of circuit controller G will open and will deenergize the normal magnet N, and contact S-Se will become closed and will complete the previously described normal indication circuit including the indication lamp H1. When the normal indication circuit becomes closed, lamp H1 will, of course, become lighted to indicate that the switch and lever both occupy their normal positions.

We will now assume that the parts are in the positions inwhich they are shown in the drawings andthat a train enters the section B-C. Under these conditions, relay D will, of course, become deenergized and will open its front contact 22-22a and will close its back Contact 22-221. The opening of Yfront contact 22--22a will interrupt the normal indication circuit that was previously closed at this contact, thus causing the normal indication lamp H1 to become extinguished, while the closing of contact 22--22'n of relay D will complete an inactive circuit passing from battery K through back contact 22-22b of relay D, resistor J3, contact 4-48 of circuit controller G, wire I8, contact 6-8a of circuit controller G, and wires II and I2 back to battery K.

If while the train occupies section B-C, the switch points become displaced from their normal positions for any reason, contact S-Ba of circuit controller G willV open and will interrupt the inactive circuit just traced, and Contact E-Sb of circuit controller G will become closed and will complete an auxiliary control circuit for the normal magnet N passing from battery K through Y back contact 22-22b of relay D, resistor J3, contact d-a of circuit controller G, .wire I8, contact (1f- 5b of circuit controller G', the winding of the normal magnet N, and wire I2 back to battery K. The normal magnet N will therefore become energized andgwill admit iluid pressure to the operating motor of the mechanism M, thus causing the mechanism M to immediately restore the switch to its normal position. When the train leaves ,section B-C, relay D will, of course, again become energized which will cause the apparatus to become restored to the condition which it occupied before the train entered the section.

When the switch occupies its reverse position and a train enters section B-C, the operationof therapparatus will be similar to that just described when the Yswitch occupies its normal position and a train enters section B-C with the exception that, under these latter conditions, the deenergization of relay D will interrupt the reverse indication circuit and will complete another inactive unit'. This latter inactive circuit passes from battery K through back contact 22-22b of relay D, resistor J3, contact 4lb of circuit controller G, wire I5, contact'-b of circuit controller G and wire I2 back to battery K.

If the switch is displaced from its reverse po-V sition for any reason when a train occupies section B-C, contact 5-5b of circuit controller G will become opened and will interrupt the inactive circuit'just traced, and contact 5--5a will f light 23 and a light sensitive device |24.

become closed :and will complete an auxiliary control circuit for the reverse magnet R. This auxiliary control circuit for the reverse magnet R passes from battery K` through back contact 22-22b of relay D, resistor J3, contact l|4b of circuit controller G, Wire I5, contact 5EL of circuit controller G, wire I4, the `winding of reverse magnet R, and Vwires l5 and |2 back to .battery K. When thisauxiliary circuitr for the-reverse magnet R oecornes closed, the reverse magnet will, of course, become energized, and Will cause the mechanism M to immediately restorel the switch to its reverse position.

We will now assume that the parts occupy the positions in which they are shown in the drawings and that a train trails the switch. Under these conditions, thetrack relay D will become deenergized as soon as the train Vstarts to trail theswitch and will cause the normal magnet N to become energized over the auxiliary control circuit previously traced for the magnet. The excessive forces which are exerted on the switch by the trailing train, however, will force the switch toward its reverse position and as soon as the switch is forcedpast its mid stroke position,

contact lia-le of circuit controller G will become opened and will interrupt the auxiliary control circru't which was previously closed for the normal magnet at this Contact and the Contact d-lib will become closed and will complete the auxiliary control circuit previously traced for the reverse magnet R. The normal magnet will therefore become deenergized and the reverse magnet R will become energizedpthus causing the mechai nism M to assist the train in completing the movement of the switch to its reverse position. As soon as the switch reaches its reverse position, contact 5-5a of circuit controller G will open and will deenergize the reverse magnet, and contact 'c1- 5b will become closed and will cornplete the previously described inactive circuit. When the train leaves section B--C, relay D will pick up and will interrupt the inactive circuit and will complete the normal control circuit for lieved, therefore, that this latter operation will be apparent from the foregoing and from an inspection of the drawings' without further detailed description. l i

i Referring now to Fig. 6, in the modied Aform of the apparatus here shown, the switch E,'in stead of being located in section B-C, is located immediately to the left of this section, and disposed on opposite sides of the switch ashort distance back from the points are 'a source of The source of light |23 and light sensitive device |24 are so arranged that light from the,l source |23 will normally strike the device but will be interrupted by the body of a car which is moving over the. switch. The light |23 is constantly connected with the terminals X and Y of a suitable source of current, and the device |24 is similarly constantly connected with the terminals X and Y of the source. The device |24 is provided with a front. contact |25.` which is closed or opened according as the device does or does not receive light from the source |23, and this contact is connected in series with the Winding of a relay Q. It will be apparent, therefore, that relay Q will be picked up or released according as the device |24 does or does not receive light from the source |23. The remainder of the apparatus shown in Fig. 6 is similar to that shown in Fig. 5 and the circuits for controlling the magnet valves N and R are likewise similar to those shown in Fig. 5 with the exception that the normal indication circuit andthe normal control circuit over which the normal magnet becomes energized when the lever L is moved to its normal position to move the switch from its reverse position to its normal position have both been modied to include a front contact 26 of relay Q, and that, the reverse indication circuit and the normal control circuit over which the reverse magnet becomes energized when the lever is moved to its reverse position to move the switch from its normal position to its reverse position have likewise both been modiiied to include the front contact 26 of relay Q.

The operation of the apparatus shown in Fig. 6 in so far as the movement of the switch to its normal and reverse positions in response to the movement of `the lever to its normal andreverse positions is concerned is identical with that previously described in connection with Fig. 5 and will be understood from the foregoing without further description.

When a train moving in the direction of the arrow enters track section B-C, the resultant deenergization of relay D will open the normal control and indication circuits and will complete one or the other of the inactive circuits depending upon which position the switch then occupies in the same manner as was previously described in connection with Fig. 5 whenY a train entered the section B-C. When the train reaches the position where it is directly opposite the switch, it will intercept the beam of light from the source |23 and will thus cause relay Q to become ldeenergized. The deenergization of this relay under these conditions, however, will have no effect on the remainder of the apparatus until after the train clears the track section B-C in which event the normal indication circuit Will be retained open at front contact 2B until the car clears the light beam. When a train moving in the direction opposite to that indicated by the arrow passes the switch, it will cause relay Q to become deenergized before track relay D becomes deenergized. The deenergization of relay Q will open al1 control and indication circuits, thus-'preventing operation of the switch by the lever while a train is passing the switch. The deenergization of relay D under these conditions will .have no effect on the apparatus unless the switchpoints should be displaced from thisv original position, for any reason, in which event one or the other of the auxiliary control circuits will become closed at back contact 22---22b of relay D, and cause the mechanism M to immediately restore the switch points to their original positions.

When a train trails the switch, the operation Will be similar toy that just described with the exception that the trailingtrain will force the points to their Atrailed position before relay D becomes deenergized, thus permitting the switch to be trailed without applying fluid to the operating motor of the switch mechanism M during the movement of the points to their trailed positions.

'tive ;device |241.

position.

-Referring now to Fig. 7, as here shown, the track relay D shown in'Fig. 6 has been replaced by a relayv Q1 which is controlled by a light sensi- The :light sensitive device |241 is disposed on the opposite side of the track A Yiromasource of light |231 in such manner that Va carapproaching the switch E in a facing point direction will intercept the supplyof light to the device;l241 when the ,car reachesa point which is-slightly less Ythan a 'car length away from .the sWitch,-and .will continue to intercept the light toithe'device "|241 until after the car intercepts thesupply of light to the device |24. The relay Q1, as lhere shown,A is provided with a pickup circuit Ywhich passes from terminal X of the source through `front' contact |251 of light sensitivedevice |241, the winding ofrelay Q1,1andV a front contact'21-of relay Qto terminal Y. Relay Q1 is also provided with a stick circuit which passes from terminal X through Yfront contact |251 of device |241, the 'winding of relay Q1 and -front contact 211 of yrelay Q1 to terminal Y. The remainderof the apparatus shownin Fig. 7 is similar to that shown in Fig. Yb, but the control and associated -s'ources^"|.2r3:and |231.' Under these conditions, relays Q and `Q1 are both picked up, andthe normal and reverse magnets N and Rare both 4vdeenergizedl Furthermore, under `these conditions, the normal indication llamp H1 .is energized byvirtue of a 'circuit whichpasses from Ybattery K :through front contact 22-22s1 of relay Q1, yfront contact -26 of relay Q, line wire 423,

the contact -1-711 of lever L, the filament of lamp,

contact 1 1, and will completea normal control circuit'for the reverse Vmagnet R passing from battery Kthrough front contact ,22-222 of -relay-vQ1,--;front contact 26 of relay Q, line -wire 23,

contact '1 -11 of lever Lythe iilament` of lamp H2 connected in multiple, with resistor J2, Iline wire 2 5, contact 5 5a of circuit controller G, wire 15,

Vthe'winding of v-reverse magnet R, and wires |6 sition. Whenfthe switch reaches-its reverse posia-osaeso tion, .contact 5a vof circuit controller G will open and will interrupt the circuit which was previously closed iorreverse magnet R, and contact 5-'51of circuit controller G will become closed and will complete `a reverse indication circuit passing from battery K through front contact 22---22a of relay Q1, front contact 26 of relay Q, line wire,23, contact 1 11 of lever L, the lilament of `lamp H2 connected in multiple with resistor,J2,;line.Wire 25, contact'i---Sb of circuit controller G, and wire I2 back to battery K. Lamp H2 will therefore become energized to indicate that the switch and vlever both occupy their reverse positions.

When the switch has been moved to its reverse position in-the manner just described and it is desired to restore it to its normal position, the operator will restore lever L to its normal position. This-movement of the lever will interrupt the reverse indication circuit including lamp H2 and will completeV a normal control circuit for the normalmag'net VN passingfrom battery K through front contact -22--21'2a of relay Q1, front Contact 26 of relaygQ, line wire 23, normal Contact l-111 of lever L, the filament of lamp H1 connected in multiple lwith resistor J1, line wire 24, contact 6-60 of -circuit controller G, the winding of normal magnet N, and wires and I2 back to battery-K. The reverse indication lamp will therefore become extinguished and the normal magnet NY will become energized. The energization of the normal magnet N will, of course, cause the switch `to move to its normal position, and when the switch reaches its normal position, the resultant opening of contact l6--61 of circuit controller vvCT will deenergize the normal magnet. Furthermore, when the switch reaches its normal .position the resultant closing of contact S-Ga of circuitcontroller G will reestablish the previously v.traced normal indication circuit including lamp H1.

.If when the-,parts are in their normal positions in which lthey are shown inthe drawings the switch kbecomes displaced forany reason, contact '6 6a of circuit controller G will become opened.

and contact 6-610 willbecome closed. The closing of contact 6-.61 .will complete the previously described circuit for the normal magnet N which magnet will therefore become energized-and cause the switch tobe immediately restored to its normal position. In a similar manner, if when the switch is moved vto its reverse position by movement of the lever LL to its reverse position, the switch is moved away from itsreverse position for any reason vthe Aresultant closing of contact 5 5a of circuit Ycontroller G will reestablish the previously .described vnormal control circuit for the reverse magnet R and will thus cause lthe switch to be .immediately restored to its reverse position.

.Whena train ,moving in the direction of the arrow traverses the stretch of Vtrack shown in the drawings, ,it .willintercept the beam of light fromthesource |231 and will thus cause relay Q1 to 'become deenergized, before the train reaches the switch. If, .when relay Q1 becomes deenergized, the switch occupies `its vnormal position, the deenergization v of this relay will complete an auxiliary control circuit vfor the normal magnet N passing from battery K through back contact Z22-2211 of relay Q1, lresistor J3, contact .4-42 of circuit `controller G, :the winding of magnet N and wires and `I2 to battery K. The completion fof thisV auxiliary control circuit for the normal magnet N will,.of.course, cause rthis .mag-

accesso '7 net to become energized and will thus insure that when the trainreaches the switch, the switch will be held in its full normal position. If, however, when relay Q1 becomes deenergized the switch occupies its reverse position, an auxiliary control circuit for the reverse magnet R will become energized which latter circuit passes from battery K through back contact 22--22b of relay Q1, resistor J3, contact @-41 of circuit controller G, wire l5, the winding of reverse magnet R, and wires lli and l2 back to battery K. Under these latter conditions, therefore, the reverse magnet R will become energized and will cause the switch to be held in its reverse position. As the `train passes 'over the switch, it will intercept the beam of light to the device |24 and will cause relay Q to become deenergized. The deenergization of this relay will interrupt at its front contact 2l the pickup circuit for relay Q1, and since the stick circuit for relay Q1 is then open at its own front contact 2'i1, relay Q1 will be prevented from picking up until after the train has completely passed the switch. When this happens, relay Q will pick up, and as soon as this relay picks up, relay Q1 will become picked up. The pickingup of relay Q1 will deenergize the normal or reverse magnet which was previously energized and will complete the normal control circuit for the indication lamp H1 or H2 thus restoring the parts to the conditions which they occupied before the train started to traverse the stretch.

We will now assume that the parts are in the positions in which they are shown inthe drawings and that a train trails the switch. Under these conditions, relay Q will become deenergized before the train reaches a position in which it exerts a force on the points of the switch, and the deenergization of this relay will interrupt the normal indication circuit which was previously closed at this contact. Furthermore, the deenergization of relay Q will prevent the normal control circuit for the normal magnet N from becoming ener-A gized when the switch points are displaced by the trailing train and it will be apparent, therefore, that under these conditions the movementpf the switch to its reverse position will be Opposed` only by the biasing means whichare included in the mechanism M,y and that as soon as the switch has been moved to its mid stroke position these biasing means will become eiTective to completethe movement of the switch. When the train reaches the position where it intercepts the beam of light to the device IN1, relay Q1 will become deenergized and will complete the previously described auxiliary control circuit for the reverse magnet R, thus causing the switch to be securely held in its reverse position until after the train clears the light sensitive device i241. When this happens, the resultant picking up of relay Q1 will reestablish the normal control circuit for the normal magnet N and fluid pressure will then be admitted to the mechanism M to cause the switch to be restored to its normal position. When the switch reaches its normal position, the normal magnet will become deenergized and the normal indication lamp H1 will become energized in a manner which will be apparent from the foregoing without further description.

When the switch occupies its reverse position and a train trails it, the operation of the apparatus will be similar to that just described with the exception that when the train has moved the switch points toA their normal position, the auxiliary control circuit for the normal magnet N will then become completed and will thus cause Referring now to Fig. 8, the apparatus here shown is similar to that shown in Fig. l with the exception that only one indication lamp H3 is i provided, and that the circuits have been rearranged in such manner that this indication lamp is not included in any of the control circuits and is capable of giving three distinctive indications, as will now be made clear.

The operation of the apparatus shown in Fig. S as a whole is as follow: As shown in the drawings, lever L occupies its normal position, section BMC isgunoccupiedand switch E occupies its normal position. Under these conditions, the normal and reverse magnets are both deenergized but the indication lamp H3 is energized over a normal indication circuit which passes from battery K through wire S, contact 'l-"in of lever L, front contact lil of relay D, contact 5 5 of circuit controller G, wire 3u, and the filament of lamp H3 to battery K. When the lamp is energized over this circuit, it burns with full brilliancy, thus indicating that the switch and lever occupy corresponding extreme positions and section B-C is unoccupied. i

lf the operator in charge of lever L wishes tc reverse the switch, he reverses lever L, thereby opening Contact '1 -l and closing contact L-lf.

The opening of contact 'l-ln interrupts the indication circuit which was previously closed for lamp H3 at this contact, thus causing this lamp to become extinguished, while the closing of the contact i-lr completes `a normal control circuit for the reverse magnet R which is identical with the corresponding circuit for this magnet which becomes closed when lever L is moved to its reu verse position in Fig. l with the exception that this circuit does not include an indication lamp. Mechanism M is therefore actuated to move switch E to its reverse position. When the'switch reaches its reverse position, contactl--lia of circuit controller G opens and deenergizes the reverse magnet, and contact 5-5b closes and completes a reverse inchcation circuit for lamp H3. l

This latter indication circuit may be traced from battery K through wire s, contact 'lL-l1' of lever L, front contact I3 of relay D, Contact 5-51 of circuit controller G, wire 3D, and the filament of lamp H3 to battery K. Lamp H3 therefore becomes lighted at full brilliancy to again indicate thatthe switch and lever occupy corresponding extreme positions and section B-C is unoccupied.

If the operator wishes to restore switch E to its normal position, he returns lever Ltoits normal position, whereupon the normal magnet becomes energized by virtue of a normal control circuit which is similar to that previously described in connection with Fig. l with the exception that this circuit does not include an indication lamp. Mechanism M then restores the switch to its normal position. When the switch reaches its normal position, contact G-b of circuit controller G opens and deenergizes magnet N, and contact lil) y absage@ E-S closesand completes the normal yindication circuitforlamp H3. LarnpH3 therefore becomes energized at full Ylorilliancy to indicate that the switch and lever occupy corresponding extreme Ypositionsand: section B-C is unoccupied.

When :the parts occupy their normal positions `in which they are shown in the drawings and a j of the switch by the lever as long as the'section `rl3-C 'remainsoccupied The deenergization of relayD will also interrupt the normal indication circuit vincluding normal contact 1 of lever LV and will complete an VVauxiliary indication circuit passing from battery K through resistor J3, backcontact Il of lrelay D', contact ll-lia of circuit controller G, wire i8', contact S-Ga of circuit controller G, wire 35, and the filament of lamp H3Y back to battery K. The resistance of the resistor J3 is such that when this circuit is closed, lamp H3 will 'become lighted at reduced brilliancy, thus giving an indication that the switch is Vin one of its extreme positions and section B-C is'occupied. I f the switch does not occupy its normal position at any time while section lB-C is occupied by the train, contact S-a of circuit controller Gwill be open and ,Contact E-tb will be closed', and under these conditions current will iiow from battery K through resistor J3, back contact Hof relay D, contact imita Yof Vcircuit controller G, wire I8, contact S-j5b of circuit controller G, the winding of normal magnet N, and wire l2 back to battery K. Y The magnet N will therefore become energized and will immediately restore the switch to its normal position.

If a train enters section B-C when the switch occupies its reverse position, the operation of the apparatus will be similar to that just described with the exception that under these conditions the indication lamp H3 will become lighted at reduced brillianc'yover another auxiliary indication circuit which passes from battery K through resistor J3, back contact il of relay D, contact 4--63 of circuit controller G, wire i5, contact 5-'-5b of'rcircuit controller G, wire 3Q, and the filament of lamp H3 to battery K. If the switch moves away from its reverse position for any reason while the train is in section B-C, Contact f of circuit controller G will'become closed andlwill'complete an auxiliary control circuit for the reverse magnet R passing from battery K through resistor J3, back contact Il of relay D, contact l-db of circuit controller G, wire I5, contact 5---5a of circuit controller G, wire l, the winding of reverse magnet R, and wire l2 back to y battery K. The reverse magnet R will therefore become energized and will immediately restore the switch to its-reverse position.

We will now assume that the parts are in their normal positions and that a train trails the switch. Under these conditions, as soon as the train has mcved'the switch away from its normal position far enough to close contact S-Bb'of circuit controller G. the normal magnet N will become energized over the previously traced auxiliary control circuit including contact (if-6b of circuit controllerG, contact 4-41 of circuit controller G, and back contact l 'l of relay D and will thus cause the mechanism M'to tend to retain the switch in itsV normal position. The train, however, will exert sulicient force on the switch to move itto-ward its reverse position in opposition tothe forcev exerted on it by the mechanism M, and as soon 'as-the switch'passes its midstroke position, the Vcircuit which was previously closed' for the normal magnet N will become interruptedv at contact le-lia of circuit controller G, and a circuit for the reverse magnet R will becomeclosed at contact-b of circuit controller G. This latter circuit may be traced from battery K through resistor J3, back contact I 'I of relay D, contact li-lb'of circuit controller G, wire T5, contactEi--Eil of circuit controller G, wire |15, the winding of magnet R, and wire l2 back tobatter-y K. The energization of magnet R will cause the mechanism M'to assist the train in movingthe switch to its reverse position. When the switch reaches its reverse position, contact 5-5f3 of circuit controller G will open and will deenergize magnet R. Furthermore, contact 5-5b will become closed and will complete the previously described auxiliary indication circuit for lamp H3 including this contact and back contact I l of relay D. Lamp H3 will therefore become lighted at reduced brilliancy, thus indicating that the switch has reached its reverse position. When the train which trailed the switch departs from section B-C, relay D will, oi course, pick up and will thus interrupt the auxiliary indication circuit which was previously closed at back contact Il. Furthermore, the picking up of this relay will complete the previously described circuit for the normal magnet N including front contact lll of relay D and contact E-Gb of circuit controller' G. This'magnet will therefore become energized and will cause the mechanism M to restore the switch to its normal position. As soon as the switch reaches its normal position,lcontact 6-53 of circuit controller G will open and will deenergize thelmagnet N, and contact 6`a of circuit controller G will become closed and will complete the previously described indication circuit for lampi-I3 including this contact. -It will be apparent, therefore, that with the apparatus convstructed as shown in Fig. 8 if a train trails the switch when the switchoccupies its normal position, the switch will be restoredv to its normal position as soon as the train departs from the section B'-C.

Ii katrain trails the switch when the switch occupies its reverse position as soon as the switch points have been forced away from their reverse position far enough to close contact E-SE of circuit controller G, acircuit for the reverse magniet R. will become completed which may be traced from battery K through resistor J3, back contact l1 of relay D, contact ll--lib of circuit controller G, wire'l, Contact 5 5@ of circuit controller G, wire-I4', the winding of the reverse magnet R, and wire l2 back to vbattery K. The reverse magnet R will therefore become energized and will-causefthe mechanisrnM to oppose the movement of the switch. The train, however, will continue to force the points toward their normal positions, and as soon as the switch passes its mid stroke position, the circuit which was previously closed for the reverse magnet R will become opened at contact d-db of circuit controllervG and a circuit for the normal magnet N'will become closed at contact 4-4a of circuit controller G. This latter circuit passes from battery'K through resistor J3, back contact I'I of track relay D, contact -avof circuit controllerG, wire I8, contact G-Sb of circuit controller G, the winding ofnormal magnet N, and Wire l2 to battery K. The reverse magnet R will thereforebecome deenergized and the normal ymag-net VN'willbecome energized, thus causing the mechanism M to assist the train in moving the switch to its normal position. When the switch reaches its full normal position, the resultant opening of contact 6-65 of `circuit controller G will deenergize the normal magnet N and the resultant closing of contact -Ga of circuit controller G will complete the previously described auxiliary indication circuit for lamp H3 including the contact @-65 and the back contact Il' of relay D. When the train dep-arts from the section B-C, relay D will, of course= pick up thereby openingits back contact I? and closing its front contacts I@ and I3. The opening of back contact IT will interrupt the auxiliary indication circuit for lamp H3 including this Contact, while the closing of front Contact I3 of the relay will 'complete the previously described circuit for the reverse magnet R including this contact `and contact 5--5a of circuit controller G. The reverse magnet R will therefore become energized and will cause the mechanism M to restore the switch to its reverse position. When the switch reaches its reverse position, contact 5---5a of circuit controller G will open and will deenergize the magnet R, and contact 5-55 of circuit controller G will close and will complete the previously described indication circuit for the lamp H3.

It follows from the foregoing that with the apparatus constructed as shown in Fig. 8, when the switch occupies either extreme position, lamp H3 will be lighted at full brilliancy or at reduced brilliancy according as section B C is unoccupied or occupied and that, when the switch is in transit, the lamp will be extinguished, thus giving three distinctive indications by means of a single indication lamp.`

Referring now to Fig. 9, we have here shown a modification of a portion of the apparatus shown in Fig. 8. As here illustrated, two indication lamps H4 and H5 are provided. The lamp H4 is connected between the wire 3i! and the negative terminal of battery K in series with a normal Contact i--ZIn of lever L, while the lamp H5 is similarly connected in series with a contact I-2Ir of lever L between the wire 30 and the negative terminal of the battery K. It will be seen, therefore, that with the apparatus modied as shown in Fig. 9, the lamp H4 will become energized at full brilliancy when the switch and lever both occupy their normal positions and section B--C is unoccupied, and at reduced brilliancy when the switch occupies its normal position and section B-C is occupied, or when the switch is forced to its reverse position by a trailing train. It will also be seen that lamp H5 will become energized at full brilliancy when the switch and lever both occupy reverse positions, and section B-C is unoccupied, and at reduced brilliancy when the switch occupies its` reverse position and section B-C is occupied, or when the switch is forced to its normal position by a trailing train. It will further be seen that when switch E is in transit, both lamps H4 and H5 will be extinguished, thus giving the operator an indication at all times of the position of the switch and whether or not section B--C is occupied or unoccupied.

Referring now to Fig. l0, we have here shown another form of apparatus for controlling the switch E. The apparatus here shown is similar to that previously described in connection with Fig. 1 with the exception that the control and indication circuits have been separated, two batteries K1 and K2 have been provided in place oi a single battery K, and a number of rectifiers have been provided to permit the use of a minimum number of line wires between the control lever and the switch.

The operation of the apparatus shown in. Fig. 10 is as follows: As illustrated in the drawings, all parts are in their normal positions, All parts of the apparatus are therefore deenergized with the exception of the track relay D and the normal indication lamp H4. The circuit over which the normal indication lamp H4 is energized passes from battery K2 through line wire 3! ccntact G-G5 of circuit controller G, asymmetric unit U1 in its low resistance direction, wires 32, 33 and 3Q, front contact I3 of track relay D, line wire 35, contact 2I-2In of lever L, the filament of lamp H4 and wire Sii back to battery K2.

Assuming now that it is desired to reverse switch E. lever L is moved from its normal position to its reverse position. This movement of the lever interrupts the normal indication circuit which was previously closed for lamp H4, thus causing this lamp to become extinguished. This movement of the lever also completes a normal control circuit for the reverse magnet R passing from battery K1 through wire 38, contact 2 I-2Ir of lever L, line wire 35, front contact I3 of track relay D, wire 34, an asymmetric unit U2 in its low resistance direction, the winding of magnet R, wire I4, contact 5-55 of circuit controller G, and line wire SI back to battery K1. The reverse magnet R therefore becomes energized and causes the mechanism M to move the switch E from its normal position to its reverse position. When the switch'reaches its reverse position, contact 5--55 of circuit controller G becomes opened and interrupts the circuit over which the reverse magnet R was previously energized, thus causing this magnet to become deenergized. Furthermore, Contact 5-55 of circuit controller G becomes closed and compl-etes a reverse indication circuit passing from battery K2 through line wire 3|, contact 5-55 of circuit controller G, an asymmetric unit U3 in its low resistance direction, wire 3T, front contact Il] of relay D,line wire 39, contact l-'l" of lever L, the iilament of lamp H5, and wires 40 and 3E to battery K2. Lamp H5 therefore becomes energized to indicate that the switch now occupies its reverse position.

When the switch occupies its reverse position and it is desired to restore the switch to `its normal position, lever L is restored to its normal position. This movement of the lever interrupts the reverse indication circuit and completes a normal control circuit passing from battery K1 through wires 38 and 4I, contact 'l-l of lever L, line wire 39, front contact I0 of track relay D, wire 3l, an asymmetric unit U4 in its low resistance direction, the winding of the normal magnet N, contact B-Eb of circuit controller G, and wire 3i back to battery K1. The interrupting of the reverse indication circuit, of course, causes the reverse indication light H5 to become extinguished, while the closing of the normal control circuit causes the normal magnet N to become energized. The energization of the normal magnet N, in turn, causes the switch mechanism M to restore the switch E to its normal position. When the switch reaches its normal position` the resultant opening of contact t---3 of circuit controller G interrupts the circuit which was previously closed for the normal magnet, thus causing this magnet to become deenergized; while the resultant closing of the contact 5--55 cf circuit r back to battery K1.

controller G completes the previously described normal indication circuit, thus causing lamp H4 to become energized.

When a train enters section B--C, track relay D will become deenergized and will open its front contacts I and I3 and will close its back contact ll. The opening of the contacts I and i3 will prevent operation of the switch by the lever L as long as the train remains in section B-C in a manner which will be readily apparent from the foregoing description and from an inspection of the drawings. The closing of back contact Il of track relay D will have no eiect on the remainder of the apparatus unless the switch points become displaced from the positions which they occupied when the train entered the section in which event the closing olf this contact will complete an auxiliary control circuit for the normal or the reverse magnet depending upon whether the switch occupies its normal or its reverse position. The auxiliary control circuit for the normal magnet passes from battery K1 through line Wire 42, back contact Il of track relay D, wire 43, contact 4-4a of circuit controller G, asymmetric unit U4 in its low resistance direction, the winding of the normal magnet N, contact B-b of circuit controller G, and line wire 3l back to battery K1. The auxiliary control circuit for the reverse magnet R passes from battery K1 through line wire 42, back contact I'l of track relay D, wire 43, contact lil-4b of circuit controller G, wire 33, asymmetric unit U2 in its low resistance direction, Wire I4, contact E-a of circuit controller G, and wiie 3l It will be apparent that when the auxiliary control circuit for the normal magnet N becomes completed, the normal magnet will become energized and will immediately restore the switch to its normal position, whereupon this magnet will again become deenergized. In a similar manner, when the auxiliary control circuit for the reverse magnet R becomes completed, the reverse magnet will become energized and will immediately restore the switch to its reverse position whereupon this magnet will again become deenergized. When the train which entered section B-C departs from this section, track relay D will, of course, pick up and will restore the apparatus to the condition which it occupied before the train entered section B-C.

When the switch occupies its normal position and a train trails the switch, the track relay D will become deenergized before any displacement of the switch takes place and, as a result, as soon as the train starts to displace the switch points from their normal positions, the auxiliary control circuit previously described for the` normal magnet N will become completed. The normal magnet N will therefore become energized and will cause the mechanism M to oppose the movement of the switch points to their reverse positions. The extreme forces which are exerted on the points by the trailing train, however, will force the points to their reverse positions in spite of the opposition to the movement of the points exerted by the mechanism M and as soon as the switch points pass their mid stroke positions, the resultant opening of contact -lla of circuit controller G will interrupt the auxiliary control circuit for the normal magnet N, while the closin-g of contact 1 -lb of circuit controller G will complete the auxiliary control circuit previously traced for the reverse magnet R. The normal magnet N will therefore become deenergized and the reverse magnet R will become energized, thus causing the mechanism M to assist the train in completing the movement -of the switch points to their reverse positions. When the switch points reach their reverse positions, the resultant opening of front contact 5-51 of circuit controller G will deenergize the reverse magnet R. The switch, however, will remain in its reverse position due to the biasing means included in the mechanism M until the train departs from section B-C. When this happens, track relay D will pick up, and the picking up of this relay will complete the normal control circuit for the normal magnet N, thus causing the mechanism M to restore the switch to its normal position. When the switch is restored to its full normal position, the normal magnet N will become deenergized and the normal indication lamp H4 will beceme energized in a manner which will be apparent without further description.

When the switch occupies its reverse position and a train trails the switch, the operation of the apparatus is simiiar to that just described and will be apparent from the foregoing description and from an inspection of the drawings without further detailed description.

Referring now to Fig. 11, the apparatus here shown is similar to that shown in Fig. 10 with the exception that the circuit controller G has been provided with two additional contacts i5-:i511 and i5-45h thus making possible the use of one less rectier than is required with the apparatus shown in Fig. 10. The contact i5-45a of circuit controller G is closed when and only when the switch E occupies its full normal position, and the contact l5-45h is closed when and only when the switch occupies its full reverse position.

As shown in Fig. l1, lever L occupies its normal position, section B--C is unoccupied and switch E occupies its normal position. Under these conditions, the normal and reverse magnets are both deenergized and the indication lamp H5 is also deenergized. The indication lamp H4, however, is energized over a normal indication circuit which passes from battery K2 through line wire 3l an asymmetric unit U5 in its low resistance direction, contact #l5- 45a of circuit controller G, wires it and 34, front contact i3 of relay D, line wire 35, contact Z-Zln of lever L, the filament of lamp H4 and wire 36 back to battery K2. Lamp H4 is therefore energized to indicate that the switch and lever both occupy their normal positions.

W e will now assume that the operator wishing tc reverse the switch reverses lever L. This movement of the lever will interrupt the previously described indication circuit at its contact i--2i1, thus causing the lamp H4 to become deenergized. This movement of the lever will also complete a normal control circuit for the reverse magnet R passing from battery K1 through wire 38, contact 2 l-Zir of lever L, line wire 35, iront contact i3 of relay D, wires 34, il and 13S, the winding of reverse magnet R, wire le, Contact 5-51 of circuit controller G, ai" asymmetric unit U6 in its low resistance direction, wire de, and line wire .3l back to battery K1. Magnet N will therefore become energized and will cause the mechanism M to move the switch E tc its reverse position. When the switch E reaches its reverse position, the opening of Contact 5 5a of circuit controller G will cle-energize the magnet R, while the closing of Contact i5- ll 5b of circuit controller G will complete a reverse indication circuit passing from batt-ery K2 through line wire 3l,

asymmetric unit U5 in its low resistance direction, contact 45-45b of circuit controller G, wires 52 and 5l), front contact l0 of track relay D, line wire 5I, contact l-lf or lever L, reverse indication lamp H5, and wires 40 and 36 to battery K2. The lamp H5 will therefore become energized to indicate that the switch and lever both occupy their normal positions.

We will now assume that the switch and lever both occupy their reverse positions and that the operator wishing to restore the switch to its normal position restores the lever L to its normal position. This movement of the lever will interrupt the reverse indication circuit and will complete .a normal control circuit for the normal magnet N, thus causing the reverse indication lamp H5 to become de-energized and the normal magnet to become energized. The normal control circuit for the normal magnet N may bc traced from battery K1 through wires 38 and lll, contact 'l-ln of lever L, wire 5|, front contact l Il of track relay D, wires and 53, the winding of normal magnet N, contact 6-61 of circuit controller G, an asymmetric unit U7 in its low resistance direction, and wires` 49 and 3l back to battery K1. The energization of the normal magnet N will, of course, cause the mechanism M to move the switch to its normal position and when the switch reaches its normal position, contact i-ib of circuit controller G will open and will deenergize normal magnet N. Furthermore, when the switch reaches its normal position, the normal indication circuit previously described will become closed at contact (l5-#i5ad of circuit controller G, and the normal indication lamp H4 will therefore become lighted, thus indicating that the switch and lever both occupy their normal positions.

If, when the switch occupies its normal position, the points should creep away from this position for any reason, contact 6-6b of circuit controller G will become closed and will complete the normal control circuit for the normal magnet N, thus causing the mechanism M to immediately restore the switch points to their normal positions. In a similar manner, if the switch points creep away from their reverse positions when the lever L occupies its reverse position, the normal control circuit for the reverse magnet R will become energized and will thus cause the mechanism M to restore the switch to its reverse position.

If the switch points creep away from their normal positions when a train occupies section BC, relay D will then be deenergized and, under these conditions, the normal magnet N will become energized over an auxiliary control circuit for this magnet passing from battery K1 through line wire 32, back contact l1 of track relay D, wire 43, contact filfia of circuit controller G, wire 53, winding of magnet N, contact B--5h of circuit controller G, asymmetric unit U7 in its low resistance direction, and wires 49 and 3l back to battery K1. The energization of the normal magnet N will, of course, cause the mechanism M to immediately restore the switch to its normal position. In a similar manner, if the switch E creeps away from its reverse position when section B-C is occupied, relay D will then be deenergized and the reverse magnet R will become energized over an auxiliary control circuit for this magnet which passes from battery K1 through line wire 42, back contact l l of relay D, wire 43, contact d-4b of circuit controller G, wire 48, the winding of the reverse magnet R,

wire I4, Contact 5-55 of circuit controller G, asymmetric unit U5 in its low resistance direction, and wires 49 and 3| back to battery K1. The reverse magnet R will therefore become energized and will immediately restore the switch to its reverse position.

We will now assume that the switch occupies its normal position and that a train trails the switch. Under these conditions, when the train starts to displace the switch points, track relay D will be deenergzed and the auxiliary control circuit for the normal magnet N will therefore become completed, thus causing the mechanism M to oppose the movement of the points. 'Ihe wheels of a train will force the points toward their reverse positions in spite of the opposition by the mechanism M, however, and as soon as the points pass their midstroke positions, the resultant opening of contact 4--4a of circuit controller G will deenergize the normal magnet N, while the resultant closing of contact 4-4b of circuit controller G will complete the auxiliary control circuit for the reverse magnet R. As a result, the mechanism M will then exert a force on the points which assists the train in completing their movement. When the switch reaches its full reverse position, the resultant opening of contact 5-511 of circuit controller G will deenergize the reverse magnet R. The switch will then remain in its reverse position due to the bias of the mechanism M, however, until the train departs from the section B-C whereupon the resultant picking up of the track relay D will complete the normal control circuit for the normal magnet N. This will cause the mechanism M to restore the switch to its normal position and, when the switch reaches its normal position, the normal magnet N will become deenergized and the normal indication lamp I-I1 will become energized in a manner which will be apparent without further description.

When the switch occupies its reverse position and a train trails the switch, the operation of the apparatus will be similar to that just de scribed and will be apparent from the foregoing and from an inspection of the drawings without further description.

Referring now to Fig. l2, we have here shown eans for controlling the switch mechanism M in such manner that, if the switch is trailed, it will remain in its trailed position until the control lever is moved to a position corresponding with the new position of the switch after which the switch may be restored to its original position by restoring the control lever to its original position. The desired control of the mechanism M is accomplished by controlling relay D jointly by the lever L and the circuit controller G in such .manner that one pick-up circuit will be closed for relay D when and only when the 4switch and lever both occupy their normal positions and that another pick-up circuit for relay D will be closed when and only when the switch and lever both occupy their reverse positions. The pickup circuit for relay D which is closed when and only when the switch and lever both occupy their normal positions passes from track battery 3 through rail la, wires 5% and 5l, contact ii-455 of circuit controller G, line wire 58, contact 2|-2n of lever L, wires 59 and ESQ, the winding e of relay D, wire 6l, and rail i back to battery 3. The other pick-up circuit for relay D passes from battery 3 through rail l, wires 58 and 5l, contact 45-451 of circuit controller G, line wire 62, contact 2|-2lr of lever L, wires 55 and SG,

the winding of relay D, wire 6I, and rail I back to battery 3. Relay D is further provided with a stick circuit which passes from b'attery 3 through rail Ia, wire 56, front contact 63 of relay D, wire 60, the winding of relay D, wire 6I, and rail I to battery 3.

It will be seen, therefore, that, when relay D is once picked up, it will remain picked up by virtue of its stick circuit until a train enters section B-C whereupon this relay will then become deenergized. It will also be seen that, when relay D does become deenergized due to a train entering section B-C, this relay will subsequently remain deenergized until the train leaves the section and lever L is moved to the position corresponding to the position which the switch then occupies.

The lever L and relay D jointly control the magnet valves N and R in the same manner as in Fig. 1 and it is believed, therefore, that this control will be understood from an inspection of the drawings without further description. It should be noted, however, that the auxiliary control circuits which are provided in Fig. 1 for energizing the normal and reverse magnets, if the switch points are displaced from their eXtreme position when the train occupies section B--C, have been omitted from the drawings because they are deemed unnecessary.

Referring now to Fig. 13, we have here shown another form of apparatus for accomplishing the same results as are accomplished by means of the apparatus shown in Fig. 12, but which introduces less resistance in the pick-up circuit for the track relay. As here shown, the track relay D is controlled by a relay P which latter relay, in turn, is controlled jointly by the lever L and the circuit controller G. Relay P is provided with one pick-up circuit which is closed when and only when lever L and switch E both occupy their normal positions and which passes from battery K through wires 64 and 65, contact l5-15a of circuit controller G, wire 66, the winding of relay P, wire 6l, contact 2I-2In of lever L, and wire 68 back to battery K. Relay P is also provided with another pick-up circuit which is closed when and only when lever L and switch E both occupy their reverse positions and which passes from battery K through wires 64 and 69, contact 2l-211' of lever L, wire 61, the winding oi relay P, wire 66, contact i5-45lb of circuit controller G, and wires 'IU and 68 back to battery K. It will be apparent, therefore, that with the apparatus constructed as shown in Fig. 13, relay P will be energized when and only when the switch and lever both occupy corresponding extreme positions. Y

Relay D is provided with a pick-up circuit which is closed when and only when relay P is energized, and which passes from battery 3 through rail Ia, wires 56 and ll, front contact 'I2 of relay P, wires 'I3 and 66, the winding of relay D, wire 6I, and rail I to battery 3. Relay D is also provided with a stick circuit which is identical with the stick circuit previously traced in connection with Fig. 12.

It will be apparent, therefore, that with the apparatus constructed as shown in Fig. 13 Whenever relay D has once been energized, it will subsequently remain energized until a train enters section B-C whereupon this relay will then become decnergized. It will alsobecome apparent that, when this relay once becomes deenergized, it will subsequently remain deenergized until the train departs from section B-C whereupon this relay will then become energized if relay P is energized, which latter relay P, as pointed out hereinbefore, will be energized if and only if the switch and lever occupy corresponding eXtreme positions.

The remainder of the apparatus shown in Fig. 13 is similar to that shown in Fig. 12 and need not therefore be described further.

Referring now to Fig. 14, as here shown, relay D is controlled by relay P in the same manner as in Fig. 13 but relay P, as here shown, is made slow releasing and is controlled by the lever L, by relay D and by the circuit controller G in such manner that relay P will be energized when and only when the switch and lever occupy corresponding positions and the track relay D is deenergized. Relay P, as here shown, is provided with one pick-up circuit which passes from battery K through wire 64, contact l-'In of lever L, the filament of lamp H1 connected in multiple with resistor J1, back point of contact i6 of relay D, wire l5, contact dii-45a of circuit controller G, Wire 66, the winding of relay P, and wire 16 back to battery K. Relay P is also provided with another pick-up circuit which passes from battery K through wire 64, contact 'l-'lr of lever L, the lament of lamp H2 connected in multiple with resistor J2, the back point of contact I3 of relay D, wire ll, reverse Contact i5-45h of circuit controller G, wire 65, the winding of relay P, and wire 16 back to battery K. Relay P is made sufficiently slow releasing so that it will bridge the time interval which elapses between the opening of the back contacts and the closing of the iront contacts of the track relay.

With the apparatus arranged as shown in Fig. 14 it will be apparent that, when relay D once becomes energized, it will remain energized until a train enters section B-C whereupon this relay will then become deenergized. It will also be apparent that, when this relay once becomes deenergized, it will subsequently remain deenergized until the train departs from section B-C whereupon, if the switch and lever then occupy corresponding positions, one or the other of the pickup circuits for relay P will become closed and will cause this relay to pick up. The picking up of relay P, in turn, will complete the pick-up circuit for relay D including front contact "I2 of relay P which will cause relay D to pick up. When relay D picks up, it will open the circuit which was previously closed for relay P at back point il) of this relay or back point I3 depending upon which position the switch then occupies but, due to the slow releasing characteristics of relay P, this relay will not open its front contact 'I2 until relay D has picked up and closed its stick circuit. When relay D does pick up and completes its stick circuit, all parts will then be restored to their normal positions.

The apparatus shown in Fig. 14 which has not been specifically described is similar to that shown and described in the preceding views and will be understood from an inspection of the drawings without further description.

Although we have herein shown and described only a few forms of apparatus embodying our invention, it is understood that various changes and modifications may be made therein within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit and scope of our invention.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim is:

1. In combination, a railway switch having normal and reverse positions, a switch operating mechanism operatively connected with said switch, said mechanism being provided with means for` biasing the switch to its nearest extreme position and with a normal and a reverse magnet and being effective for moving said switch to its normal position or its reverse position ac-` cording as said normal or said reverse magnet is energized, a relay` controlled by traffic conditions adjacent said switch, a manually operable lever having normal and reverse positions, a circuit controller controlled by said switch, two indication lamps, two resistors; a control circuit for said normal magnet controlled by said lever, said relay, and said circuit controller and including one of said indication lamps connected in multiple with one of said resistors and closed when and only when said lever occupies its normal position, said relay is picked up and said switch occupies any position but its normal position, a control circuit for said reverse magnet controlled by said lever, said relay and said circuit controller and including the other'indication lamp connected in multiple with the other resistor and closed when and only when said lever occupies its reverse position, said relay is picked up, and said switch occupies any position but its reverse position; an indication circuit for the one lamp controlled by said lever, said relay, and said circuit controller in such manner that said indication circuit will be closed when and only when the switch and lever.

both occupy their normal positions and said relay is energized, and an indication circuit for the other lamp controlled by said lever, said relay and said circuit controller in Such manner that said last mentioned indication circuit will be closed when and only when the switch and `lever both occupy their reverse positions and said relay is energized.

2. In combination,` a railway switch having normal and reverse positions, a switch operating mechanism operatively connected with said` switch, said mechanism being provided with means for biasing the switch to its nearest extreme position and with a normal and `a reverse magnet and being effective for moving sai-d, switch to its normal position or its reverse position according as said normal or said reverse magnet is energized, a relay controlled by trafc conditions adjacent said switch, a manually operable lever having normal and reverse positions, a circuit' controllori controlled by said switch, two indication lamps, two resistors; a control circuit for* said normal magnet controlled by said lever, said relay, and said circuit controller and including one of said indication lamps connected in multiple with one of said resistors and closed when and only when said le ver occupies its normal position, said relay is picked up, and said switch occupies any position but its normal position; a control circuit for said reverse magnet controlled by said lever, said track relay, and said circuit controller and including the other indication lamp connected in multiple with the other resistor and closed `when and only when said lever occupies its reverse position, said relay is picked up, and said switch occupies any position but its reverse position, an auxiliary control circuit for said nor mal magnet controlled by said relay Aand said circuit controller in such manner that said aux iliary control circuit will be closed when and only when said relay is released and said switch occupies any position between its mid stroke posi i tion and its normal position, an auxiliary control circuit for said reverso magnet controlled by said relay and said circuit controller' in such' manner that said last mentioned auxiliary control circuit will be closed when and only when said relay is released and said switch occupies any position between its mid stroke position and its reverse position, an indication circuit for the one lamp controlled by said lever, said relay, and said circuit controller in such manner that said indication circuit will be closed when and only when the switch and lever both occupy their normal positions and said relay is energized, and an indication circuit for the other lamp controlled by said lever, said relay, and said circuit controller in such manner that said last mentioned indication circuit will be closed when and only when the switch and lever both occupy their reverse positions and said relay is energizecl.

3. In combination, a railway switch having normal and reverse positions, a switch operating mechanism operatively connected with said switch, said mechanism being provided with means for biasing the switch to its nearest eX- treme position and with anormal and a reverse magnet and being effective for moving the switch to its normal or to its reverse position according as said normal or said reverse magnet is energized, a relay controlled by traiiic conditions adjacent said switch, a manually operable lever having normal and reverse positions and provided with normal and reverse contacts, a circuit controller operatively connected with said switch, said circuit controller being provided with a first contact which is closed when the switch occupies any position but its normal position, with a second contact which is closed when the switch occupies any position but its reverse position, with a third contact which is closed when and only when the switch occupies itsinormal position, and with'a fourth contact which is closedwhen and only when said Switch occupies'its reverse position, a circuit for said normal magnet including a normal contact of said lever, a first front contact oi said relay, and said rst contact; a circuit for said reverse magnet includinga reverse contact of said lever, a second front contact of said relay, and said second contact, two indication lamps, a normal indication circuit including the one lamp, said normal contact of saidlever, said irst front contact of said relay and said third contact, and a reverse indication circuit including the other lamp, said reverse Contact of said lever, said second front contact of said relay and said fourth contact.

4. In combination, a railway switch having normal and reverse positions, a switch operating mechanism operatively connected with said switch; said mechfaniiSm being provided with means for biasing the switch to its nearest extreme position and with a normal .and a reverse magnet and being eilective for moving the switch to its normal or to its reverse position according as said normal or said reverse magnet is energized, arelay controlled by traino conditions adjacent said switch, a manually operable lever having normal and reversepositions and provided with normal and reverse contacts, a circuit controller operatively connected with said switch, said circuit controller being provided with a rst contact which is closed when the switch occupies any position but its normal position, with a second contact which is closed when the switch occupies any position but its reverse position, with a third contact which is closed when and oniy when the switch occupies its normal position, and with a fourth contact which is closed when and only when said switch occupies its reverse position, a circuit for said normal magnet including a normal contact of said lever, a rst front contact of said relay, and said first coritact; a circuit for said reverse magnet including a reverse contact of said lever, a second front contact of said relay, and said second contact, two indication lamps, a normal indication circuit including the one lamp, said normal contact of said lever, said first front contact of said relay and said third contact, a reverse indication circuit including the other lamp, said reverse contact of said lever, said second contact of said relay and said fourth contact, and two resistors one connected in multiple with each of said lamps in said indication circuits.

5. In combination, a railway switch having normal and reverse positions, a switch operating mechanism operatively connected with said switch, said mechanism being provided with means for biasing the switch to its nearest extreme position and with a normal and a` reverse magnet and being effective for moving the switch to its normal position or to its reverse position according as said normal or said reverse magnet is energized, a relay controlled by traffic conditions adjacent said switch, a manually operable lever having normal and reverse positions and rovided with normal and reverse contacts, a circuit controller operatively connected with said switch, said circuit controller being provided with a first contact which is closed when the switch occupies any position but its normal position, with a second contact which is closed when the switch occupies any position but its reverse position, with a third contact which is closed when and only when the switch occupies its normal position, with a fourth contact whichl is closed when and only when said switch occupies its reverse position, with a fifth Contact which is closed when the switch occupies any position between its mid stroke position and its normal position, and with a sixth contact which is closed when the switch occupies any position between its mid stroke position and its reverse position, a circuit for said normal magnet including a normal contact of said lever, a rst front contact of said relay, and said first contact; a circuit for said reverse magnet including a reverse contact of said lever, a second front contact of saidl relay, and said second contact, two indication lamps, a normal indication-circuit including the one lamp, said normal contact of said iever, said first front contact of said relay and said third contact; a reverse indication circuit including the other lamp, said reverse Contact of said lever, said second contact of said relay and said fourth contact; two resistors one connected in multiple with each lamp, a third resistor, an auxiliary circuit for said normal magnet including said third resistor, a back contact of said relay, said fifth contact, and said first contact, and an auxiliary circuit for said reverse magnet including said third resistor, said back contact of said relay, said sixth contact, and said second Contact.

6. In combination, a railway switch having normal and reverse positions, a switch operating mechanism operatively connected with said switch, said mechanism being provided with means for biasing the switch to its nearest extreme position and with a normal and a reverse magnet and being effective for moving the switch to its normal position or to its reverse position according as said normal or said reverse magnet is energized, a relay controlled by traffic conditions adjacent said switch, a manually operable lever having normal and reverse positions and provided with normal and reverse contacts, a circuit controller operatively connected with said switch, said circuit controller being provided with a first contact which is closed when the switch occupies any position but its normal position, with a second contact which is closed when the switch occupies any position but its reverse position, with a third contact which is closed when and only when the switch occupies its normal position, and with a fourth contact which is closed when and only when said switch occupies its reverse position, two indication lamps, a circuit for said normal magnet including a normal contact of said lever, one of said indication lamps, a rst front contact of said relay, and said first contact; a circuit for said reverse magnet including a reverse contact of said lever, the other of said indication lamps, a second front contact of said relay, and said second contact; a normal indication circuit including the one lamp, said normal contact of said lever, said first front Contact of said relay and said third contact; a reverse indication circuit including the other lamp, said reverse contact of said lever, said second contact of said relay and said fourth contact; and two resistors one connected in multiple with each of said lamps.

'7. In combination, a railway switch having normal and reverse positions, a switch operating mechanism operatively connected with said switch, said mechanism being provided with means for biasing the switch to its nearest extreme position and with a normal and a reverse magnet and being eiective for moving the switch to its normal position or to its reverse position according as said normal or said reverse magnet is energized, a relay controlled by tran-ic conditions adjacent said switch, a manually operable lever having normal and reverse positions and provided with normal and reverse contacts, a circuit controller operatively connected with said switch, said circuit controller being provided with a rst contact which is closed when the switch occupies any position but its normal position, with a second contact which is closed when the switch occupies any position but its reverse position, with a third contact which is closed when and only when the switch occupies its normal position, and with a fourth contact which is closed when and only when said switch occupies its reverse position, two indication lamps, a circuit for said normal magnet including a normal contact of said lever, one of said indication lamps, a rst front contact of said relay, and said first contact; a circuit for said reverse magnet including a reverse contact of said lever, the other of said indication lamps, a second front contact of said relay, and said second contact; a normal indication circuit including the one lamp, said normal contact of said lever, said first front contact of said relay and said third contact; a reverse indication circuit including the other lamp, said reverse contact of said lever, said second contact of said relay and said fourth contact; and two resistors one connected in multiple with each of said lamps, the parts being so proportioned that said lamps will become lighted when and only when the associated indication circuits are closed.

V8. In combination, a railway switch having normal and reverse positions, a switch operating mechanism operatively connected with said switch, said mechanism being provided with means for biasing the switch to its nearest eX- treme positionand with a normal and a reverse magnet and being effective for moving the switch to its normal `position or to its reverse position according as said normal or said reverse magnet is energized, a relay controlled by traffic conditions adjacent said switch, a manually operable lever having normal and reverse positions and provided with normaland reversecontactsa circuit controller operatively connected with said switch, said circuit controller being provided with a rst contact which is closed when the switch occupies any position but its normal position, with a second contact which is closed when the switch occupies any-position but its reverse posi-` tion,lwith a third contact which is closed when: and only when the switch occupies its normal position, and with a fourth contact which isr closed when and only when said switch occupies its re-V verse position; a circuit for said normal magnet including a normal contact of said lever, a rst front contact of said relay, and said rst contact; a circuit `for said reverse magnet including a reverse contact of said lever,`a `second front contact of said relay, and said second contact; two indication lamps, a circuit for the one lamp including a normal Contact of said lever, Ysaid rst front contact of said relay, and said third contact; and a circuit for the otherlamp including a reverse contact of said lever, said second front contact of said relay, and said fourth v contact.

9. In combination, astretch of railway track providedwith a railway switch havingnormal and reverse positions; a switch operating mechanism operatively connected with said switch, said switch operating mechanismlbeing provided with means for biasing `the switch to its nearest extreme position and with a normal and a reverse' magnet and being eifective for moving the switch toits normal positionor its reverse position according as said normal or saidreverse magnet is energized, a manually operable lever `having norand reverse positions and provided with normal and reverse conta-cts, a circuit controller operatively connected with said switch, said circuit controller being provided with a rst contact which is closed when the switch occupies any position but its normal position, with a second contact which is closed when the switch occupies any position but its reverse position, with a third contact which is closed when and only when the switch occupies its normal position, with a fourth `contact which is closed when and only when the switch occupies its reverse position, a track section formed in said stretch and extending in opposite directions from said switch, 1a track relay, a second relay, a pick-up circuit for said track relay including the rails of said section and a front contact of said second relay, a

stick circuit for said track relay including its own n front contact and the rails of said section, a first pick-up circuit for said second relay including a normal Contact of said lever and said third concontact of said lever, a second front contact of said track relay, and said second contact of said circuit controller.

l0. `In combination, a stretch of railway track provided with a railway switch having normal and reverse positions, a switch operating mechanism operatively connected with said switch, said switch operating mechanism being provided with means for biasing the switch to its nearest eX- treme position `and with a normal and a reverse magnetand being effective for moving the switch to itsnormal position or its reverse position according as said normal or said reverse magnet is energized, a manually operable lever having normal and reverse positions and provided with normal and reverse contacts, a circuit controller operatively connected with said switch, said circuit controller being provided with a rst contact which is Vclosed when the switch occupies any position but its normal position, with a second contact which is` closed when the switch occupies any position but its reverse position, with a third contact which 'is closed when and only when the switchoccupies its normal position, with a fourth contact which is closed when and only when the switch occupies its reverse position, with a fifth contactwhich is closed when and only when the switch occupies its normal position, and with a sixth contact which is closed when and only when the switch occupies its reverse position, a track section formed in said stretch and extending in opposite directions from said switch, a track relay, a second relay, a pick-up circuit for said track relay including the rails of said section and a front contact of said second relay, a stick circuit for said track relay including its own front contact and the rails of said section, a rst pick-up circuit for said second relay including a normal contact of said lever and said third contact of said circuit controller, a second pick-up circuit for said second relay including a reverse contact l of said lever and said fourth contact of said circuit controller, two indication lamps, a circuit vfor the normal magnet including a normal contact of said lever, one of said indication lamps, a first front contact of said track relay, and said first contact vof said circuit controller, a circuit for the reverse magnet including a reverse contact of said lever, the other indication lamp, a second front contact of said relay, and said second contact of `said circuit controller; a normal indication circuit including a normal contact of said lever, said one indication lamp, said rst front contact of said track relay, and said fth contact of said circuit controlleryand a reverse indication circuit including a reverse contact of said lever, said other indication lamp, said second front contact of said relay, and said sixth contact of said circuit controller. i

11. In combination, a stretch of railway track provided with a railway switch having normal andV reverse positions, a switch operating mechanism operatively connected with said switch, said switch operating mechanism being provided with means vfor biasing the switch to its nearest extreme position and with a normal and a reverse magnet and being effective for moving the switch to its normal position or its reverse position according as said normal or said reverse magnet is energized, a manually operable lever having normal and reverse positions and provided with normal and reverse contacts, a circuit controller operatively connected with said switch, said circuit controller being provided with a first contact which is closed when the switch occupies any position but its normal position, with a second contact which is closed when the switch occupies any position but its reverse position, with a third contact which is closed when and only when the switch occupies its normal position, with a' fourth contact which is closed when and only when the switch occupies its reverse position, a track section formed in said stretch and extending in opposite directions from said switch, a track relay, a slow releasing relay, a pick-up circuit for said track relay including the rails of said section and a front contact of said slow releasing relay, a stick circuit for said track relay including its own front Contact and the rails of said section, a first pick-up circuit for said slow releasing relay including anormal contact of said lever, a first back contact of said track relay, and said third contact of said circuit controller; a second pick-up circuit for said slow releasing relay including a reverse contact of said lever, a second back contact or said track relay, and said fourth contact of said circuit controller; a circuit for the normal magnet including a normal contact of said lever, a iirst front contact of said track relay, and said rst contact of said circuit controller; and a circuit for the reverse magnet including a reverse contact of said lever, a second front contact of sai-d track relayand said second contact of said circuit controller.

l2. In combination, a stretch of railway track provided with a railway switch having normal and reverse positions, a switch operating mechanism operatively connected with said switch, said switch operating mechanism being provided with means for biasing the switch to its nearest extreme position and with a normal and a reverse magnet and being eiective for moving the switch to its normal position or its reverse position according as said normal or said reverse magnet is energized, a manually operable lever having normal and reverse positions and provided with normal and reverse contacts, a circuit controller operatively connected with said switch; said circuit controller being provided with a first contact which is closed when the switch occupies any position but its normal position, with a second contact which isk closed when the switch occupies any position but its reverse position, with a third contact which is closed when and only when the switch occupies its normal position, with a fourth contact which is closed when and only when the switch occupies its reverse position, with a fifth contact which is closed when and only when the switch occupies its normal position, and with a sixth contact which is closed when and only when the switch occupies its reverse position, a track section formed in said stretch and extending in opposite directions from said switch, a track relay, a slow releasing relay, a pick-up circuit for said track relay including the rails of said section and a front contact of said slow releasing relay, a stick circuit for said track relay including its own front contact and the rails of said section; a first pick-up circuit for said slow releasing relay including a normal contact of said lever, a rst back contact of said track relay,v and said third contact of said circuit controller;

a second pick-up circuit for said second relay including a reverse contact of said lever, a second back contact or" said track relay, and said fourth contact of said circuit controller; two indication lamps, a circuit for the normal magnet including a normal contact of said lever, one of said indication lamps, a rst front contact of said track relay, and said first contact of said circuit controller; a circuit for the reverse magnet including a reverse contact of said lever, the other indication lamp, a second front contact of said relay, and said second contact of said circuit controller; a normal indication circuit including a normal contact of said lever, said one indication lamp, said first front contact of said track relay, and said fifth contact of said circuit controller; and a reverse indication circuit including a reverse contact of sai-d lever, said other indication lamp, said second front contact of said relay, and

said sixth contact of said circuit controller.

'13. In combination, a railway switch having normal and reverse positions, a switch operating mechanism operatively connected with said switch, said mechanism being provided with means for biasing the switch to its nearest eX- treme position and with a normal and a reverse magnet and being effective for moving the switch to its normal or to its reverse position according as said normal or said reverse magnet is energized, a relay controlled by traflic conditions adjacent said switch, a manually operable lever having normal and reverse positions and provided with normal and reverse contacts, a circuit controller operatively connected with said switch, said circuit controller being provided with a first contact which is closed when the switch occupies any position but its normal position, with a second contact which is closed when the switch occupies any position but its reverse position, with a third contact which is closed when and only when the switch occupies its normal position, and with a fourth contact which is closed when and only when said switch occupies its reverse position; a circuit for said normal magnet including a normalcontact of said lever, a iirst front contact of said relay, and said rst contact; a circuit for said reverse magnet including a reverse contact of said lever, a second front contact of said relay, and said second contact; a first indication circuit including a normal contact of said lever, said rst front Contact of said relay, and said third contact; and a second indication circuit including a reverse contact of said lever, said second front contact of said relay, and said fourth contact.

14. In combination, a railway switch having normal and reverse positions., a switch operating mechanism operatively connected with said switch and provided with a normal and a reverse magnet and effective for moving the switch to its normal or its reverse position according as said normal or said reverse magnet is energized, two indication lamps, tworesistors, a control circuit for said normal magnet including one of said lamps connected in multiple with one of said resistors, a control circuit for said reverse magnet including the other lamp connected in multiple with the other resistor, an indication circuit controlled in accordance with the position of said switch and including said one lamp connected in multiple with said one resistor, and another indication circuit controlled in accordance with the position of said switch and including said other lamp connected in multiple with said other resistor, the parts being so proportioned that said indication lamps will only become lighted when the associated indication circuit is closed.

15. In combination, a railway switch having normal and reverse positions, a switch operating mechanism operatively connected with said switch, said mechanism being provided with a normal and a reverse magnet and being effective for moving said switch to its normal position or 

